Mining machinery and equipment maintenance management
August 23, 2024 Hawk
This article proposes management and maintenance measures for the necessity of mining machinery and equipment management, as well as the characteristics and causes of failures. Its purpose is to reduce the hidden dangers of mining machinery and equipment failures, improve the stability and reliability of machinery and equipment operation, and provide guarantees for mining and efficiency improvement.
Mechanical equipment is an important tool in mining work. Management and maintenance are the basis for ensuring the stable and safe operation of mechanical equipment. However, if the management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment are improper, it will definitely affect the efficiency and progress of mining, and the service life of mechanical equipment will also decrease. Even if the situation is more serious, it will cause safety accidents. Based on this, the management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment is very important. However, before the management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment, it is necessary to have a full understanding of the causes of its failures, so that the management and maintenance of mechanical equipment can be carried out in a targeted manner, and the mechanical equipment can be kept in a normal operating mode to the greatest extent possible, so as to ensure the improvement of coal mining production efficiency.
1 The significance of management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment
Management and maintenance are of great significance to the normal operation of mining machinery and equipment. They can not only ensure the normal operation of mining machinery and equipment, but also promote the realization of efficient and high-quality production models in mining production. The following is a detailed explanation and analysis of their significance.
(1) Due to the complex mining environment, mechanical equipment is easily affected by the environment during normal operation, and parts wear and tear, which leads to failures, bringing serious impacts on mining production [1]. However, the maintenance and management of mining machinery and equipment is an important means to eliminate these failures. It is mainly based on the actual operation of the mechanical equipment to check each component, and make repairs and replacements according to the inspection results to avoid affecting the performance of the mechanical failure. At the same time, during its management, it is also necessary to adjust the mechanical equipment in real time according to the actual needs of mining, so as to ensure the smooth progress of mining production.
(2) In fact, through relevant surveys, it can be found that regular management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment according to their operation can not only extend the service life of mechanical equipment, but also reduce the occurrence of potential failures, thereby improving the efficiency of mining production. At the same time, regular inspections can timely discover potential faults of mining machinery and equipment, and targeted maintenance can avoid safety accidents.
2 Characteristics of mechanical equipment failures
Mine machinery and equipment failures have the characteristics of potentiality, complexity, and loss. The specific contents are as follows:
2.1 Potentiality
When mechanical equipment is put into mine production, the various operating parameters of the mechanical equipment will be reasonably set according to the needs of mine production, and a safety rated parameter will also be set [2]. When the mechanical equipment is running, its impact force has exceeded the safety factor, which is easy to cause mechanical failure. At the same time, the failure of mining machinery and equipment is not limited to the surface. There are also some potential fault hazards inside. It is mainly to use professional maintenance equipment to disassemble and maintain the mechanical equipment, find out the existing faults, and effectively solve them to avoid affecting the normal use of the mechanical equipment.
2.2 Complexity
Compared with general mechanical equipment, mining machinery and equipment are more complex, mainly because they are composed of multiple parts inside. The faults caused by these parts are also more diverse. Even when the mechanical equipment is in use, multiple faults occur at the same time, seriously affecting the normal operation of the mechanical equipment. At the same time, if mechanical equipment failures are not effectively resolved, it will not only affect the normal operation of mechanical equipment, but also induce other problems, and even cause safety accidents, resulting in irreparable economic losses.
2.3 Loss
The long-term use of mechanical equipment will increase its loss with age, and mechanical equipment failures will also increase equipment loss. In general, the greater the loss of mechanical equipment, the more faults there are, and vice versa, the more faults there are, the greater the loss. Therefore, in order to avoid a vicious cycle, it is necessary to do a good job of maintenance and management according to the daily operation of mining machinery and equipment, reduce the loss of mining machinery and equipment, reduce costs, and achieve good production benefits.
3 Common management problems of mechanical equipment
3.1 Slow update speed of mechanical equipment
All mining machinery and equipment should be effectively managed and maintained during operation to reduce the hidden dangers of failure. However, as far as the current situation is concerned, some mining enterprises are subject to many restrictions, resulting in imperfect management and slow update speed of mechanical equipment, which also increases the difficulty of later repair and maintenance work, and cannot meet the production needs of mines. In addition, due to the inadequate updating of mining machinery and equipment, many problems will arise in subsequent production, which is not conducive to the orderly progress of mining production and cannot obtain good economic benefits.
3.2 Improper management of machinery and equipment
In order to achieve the expected production goals, many production enterprises focus on production and neglect the management of machinery and equipment, resulting in poor management awareness of machinery and equipment, and some potential faults are not discovered in time, which in turn affects the stability and safe operation of machinery and equipment. At the same time, in order to improve production efficiency, regular management and maintenance are not carried out, resulting in some machinery and equipment often operating in an overloaded or overloaded state, which can easily lead to mechanical equipment operation failures and reduce their service life. In addition, since machinery and equipment are in a long-term operation state, if the management awareness is relatively weak and professional maintenance skills are lacking, it will seriously affect the normal use of machinery and equipment and induce the possibility of mining machinery and equipment failure [3].
3.3 Management system needs to be improved
Management is an important means to constrain work behavior and ensure that a work is completed in an orderly and efficient manner when it is carried out. However, in the actual management of mechanical equipment, due to the weak management awareness, the relevant management system is not perfect and rigorous, and there are many loopholes, which are important causes of mechanical equipment failure. At the same time, in some mining production sites, the equipment is often unmanaged, and the operator is only responsible for the operation of the equipment. Once there is a fault, it cannot be discovered in time, which will cause greater hidden dangers. In the use of mechanical equipment, if maintenance and management are not guaranteed, mechanical equipment failures will occur frequently. If the situation is serious, it will cause safety accidents and cause major economic losses.
3.4 Insufficient equipment maintenance
When managing mining machinery and equipment, there is not enough comprehensive understanding of mechanical equipment maintenance, and daily maintenance work has not been strictly implemented, which has led to an increase in mining production costs.
At the same time, some managers believe that only when there is an obvious fault in the equipment, mechanical equipment maintenance is sufficient, so some potential fault hazards cannot be discovered in time. In addition, due to the complex production environment of the mine, the management personnel failed to formulate a detailed and strict maintenance system according to the actual situation, and did not do a good job of corresponding supervision of daily maintenance, resulting in superficial maintenance work, which seriously affects the maintenance effect of mechanical equipment.
4 Main measures for the management of mining machinery and equipment
In order to reduce the occurrence of mining machinery and equipment failures, it is very necessary to strengthen its management, which is mainly manifested in the following points:
4.1 Improve the management system of mining machinery and equipment
A perfect management system can effectively constrain its behavior, strictly implement various management tasks, and ensure the effectiveness of mining machinery and equipment management. However, when improving mining machinery and equipment, the following points should be considered.
(1) According to relevant requirements, the equipment management system should be improved to coordinate the management of machinery and equipment maintenance and overhaul. At the same time, it is also necessary to set up a special management and maintenance department in combination with the actual situation, continuously improve the machinery and equipment management system according to the production needs of the mine, clarify the responsibilities of various staff members, and establish a performance appraisal system.
(2) It is necessary to enhance the sense of responsibility of management personnel and clarify the importance of machinery and equipment management, so as to provide basic guarantees for the safe and stable operation of machinery and equipment.
(3) It is also necessary to improve the corresponding management and maintenance mechanism, which mainly constrains various work behaviors, ensures that management and maintenance work are strictly implemented, ensures good management results, and strengthens maintenance efforts.
4.2 Daily maintenance
When managing mechanical equipment, we must pay attention to daily maintenance work. Only when the maintenance work is in place can we provide basic guarantees for the safe and stable operation of mechanical equipment.
First of all, it is necessary to formulate maintenance and maintenance cycles according to the use of mechanical equipment, and set up special personnel to carry out maintenance work on mechanical equipment, so that hidden dangers can be discovered in time and dealt with in a targeted manner; secondly, during the daily maintenance of mechanical equipment, the operating status of the mechanical equipment should be understood, and during the maintenance of mechanical equipment, detailed records should be kept, and the existing problems should be dealt with in time to avoid losses; finally, it is necessary to carry out regular lubrication and anti-corrosion treatment for various parts to improve the safety of mechanical equipment operation. In addition, during the daily maintenance of mining machinery and equipment, it is necessary to set up special management personnel to enter the mining production site, observe the operating status of mining machinery and equipment at all times, and judge its operating status in combination with operating parameters. If there is an abnormality, it is necessary to immediately conduct a comprehensive investigation to understand the location and cause of the fault, and then solve it in a targeted manner.
4.3 Safety Inspection
Safety inspection is also an important part of the management of mining machinery and equipment. When the mine stops production, the machinery and equipment should be carefully and comprehensively checked, mainly to promptly find problems such as loose parts or aging of lines, so as to replace the parts or lines in time to ensure that the machinery and equipment are in good use [4]. At the same time, it is necessary to establish the safety awareness of operators and use machinery and equipment according to operating specifications to reduce the occurrence of hidden faults. Before the mining machinery and equipment are put into use, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of its parameters and reset its parameters to check whether each component is complete and whether the equipment operating environment is safe. Only in this way can the safe operation of the machinery and equipment be guaranteed and the occurrence of safety accidents be reduced. In addition, when managing the safety of machinery and equipment, it is also necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the rationality of the circuit connection and whether the equipment has rust, corrosion and other phenomena. If these problems exist, they should be solved immediately and corresponding records should be kept for subsequent use.
4.4 Strengthening the comprehensive professionalism of personnel
The management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment requires professional personnel as support. Therefore, in order to ensure the management and maintenance efficiency of mining machinery and equipment, it is necessary to pay attention to the training and education of personnel. According to the professionalism of existing personnel, regular training and education work should be carried out. By strengthening the work awareness and sense of responsibility of personnel, the enthusiasm of personnel in work can be effectively mobilized, which plays an important role in the active development of mining machinery and equipment management and maintenance work. In addition, it is also necessary to improve the adaptability of personnel. For emergencies of mining machinery and equipment, it is necessary to have the ability to respond to equipment failures at any time, so as to minimize the harm and impact caused by the failure.
5 Mining machinery and equipment maintenance
5.1 Routine maintenance
In fact, routine maintenance mainly refers to regular or irregular maintenance work based on the daily working status of mechanical equipment, which can eliminate or reduce the occurrence of hidden dangers of failure.
Under normal circumstances, after each mine production is completed, all mechanical equipment needs to be comprehensively overhauled. At the same time, routine mechanical equipment maintenance also requires the inspection of equipment operating parameters and the corresponding records to be kept for the next overhaul. In addition, the problems found should be solved in time to avoid major mechanical equipment failures that affect the efficiency of mine production.
5.2 Preventive functional maintenance
Preventive functional maintenance is a key maintenance method in mine machinery maintenance. It can be regarded as comprehensive mine machinery maintenance. It is mainly to fundamentally eliminate the hidden dangers of failure before the mechanical equipment failure is revealed, ensure the safe and stable operation of mechanical equipment failure, and meet the production needs of mines. At the same time, during preventive functional maintenance, comprehensive maintenance work should be carried out according to the use of mechanical equipment to ensure that the performance of each mechanical equipment is in normal condition. However, during preventive functional maintenance, several issues should be noted: First, due to the different specifications and types of mechanical equipment, different maintenance plans should be formulated to meet the stable operation requirements of each type of mechanical equipment; second, mechanical equipment that has not been used for a long time should be the focus of attention, and all mechanical equipment should be comprehensively inspected, so as to conduct a more in-depth and comprehensive inspection and do a good job of maintenance and repair [5]; third, mechanical equipment will not only produce losses during use, but also equipment failures will cause greater losses. Therefore, during preventive functional maintenance, parts should be inspected and repaired. Once rust or damage is found, they should be replaced immediately to avoid causing greater impact. In general, preventive functional maintenance is mainly to eliminate mining machinery and equipment failures from the root, thereby ensuring the performance of mining machinery and equipment failures and extending their service life.
5.3 Faulty structural maintenance
Faulty structural maintenance is very different from the above two maintenance methods. It is mainly to perform local repairs when the mechanical equipment fails, so as to effectively solve the mechanical equipment failure. Normally, this method is only used when the mechanical equipment fails seriously, mainly because the other two maintenance methods cannot solve the actual problem, and it is easy to scrap the mechanical equipment, which directly increases the cost of mine production. However, by using the faulty structure to repair, the maintenance work can be carried out within the scope of the maintenance, so as to ensure that the mining machinery and equipment can quickly resume normal operation. However, if an irreparable failure is encountered, it must be scrapped immediately to avoid a greater impact.
It is also very important to choose the maintenance technology. If the worn metal parts are repaired, then the laser cladding technology will be the best choice. Laser cladding can form a metal metallurgical bonding layer on the surface of the parts, making the strength of the repaired parts 5-10 times that of the original parts, and can greatly reduce the overall cost.
6 Conclusion
In summary, mechanical equipment plays an irreplaceable role in mine production. However, due to the relatively poor production environment of mines, many adverse factors have been brought to mechanical equipment, resulting in frequent failures. This will not only affect the production of mining machinery and equipment, but also bring about major safety accidents, and its economic benefits cannot be guaranteed. In this regard, it is necessary to strengthen the management and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment, and take reasonable management measures in combination with the characteristics of mining machinery and equipment failure management and common problems in its management, so as to ensure the effectiveness of mining machinery and equipment management. In addition, it is necessary to combine the actual operation of mining machinery and equipment and strictly implement various maintenance methods, such as routine maintenance, preventive functional maintenance, and faulty structural maintenance. Only in this way can the hidden dangers of mining machinery and equipment failure be completely eliminated, and the safety and stability of its operation be improved, so as to achieve good economic benefits for mining production, provide basic guarantees, and promote the better development of the industry.